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Agrarian capitalism of the North associated with the emerging powers in the global South-driven generates land-grabbing, the destruction of the environment and of the peasant economy. In this dynamic that has as a transmission belt to Chinese and Brazilian sectors of agrarian capitalism the social and environmental effects are imbricated; while the Brazilian producers are subordinated to the big biotech corporations of the global north that control the technology, the processing and important part of the markets, the Chinese agrarian capital is associated to the banking linked to the agribusiness, and to some of these big seed producing corporations and agro-toxic. The expansion of agroextractivism, basically soybean, alters the physical environment with deforestation and completes the destruction of pre-existing forms of life with the intensive use of biocides, some used as chemical weapons of war. Paraguay, the most transgenic country in the world is also one of the most contaminated   and shows the devastating effects of pollution on human health. In this dynamic coming into the country through mobile borders of Brazil, agribusiness grows at the expense of the peasant sector, linked to the production of food; in the search for alternatives this sector raises the ecologically oriented agriculture, which can become a basic component of a proposal for alternative development. The paper will present good socio-productive practices of peasant agriculture as long as they offer safe food using natural resources in a sustainable way; the socio-environmental and economic advantages of these initiatives are also related to the high added value achieved in a realm of relative autonomy of large biotech corporations. From a methodological point of view, the work responds to an epistemological plurality that values traditional knowledge and learning that social practices leave behind; with a trans-disciplinary approach, the trajectory of agrarian development and its impact will be characterized by the exploitation of available statistical data from the last 5 years, as well as good social and productive practices characterized by secondary data and interviews

Hegemonic, sustainability, epistemological plurality, neoliberal, sociology of the emerges.